本文编辑于2019年10月12日
“文字表达”——完形填空
本文所涉及的知识点，大部分属于国内初中阶段所学，部分属于高中阶段知识大纲。因此，适合国内英语基础较好的初中生和高中生阅读。
本系列文章，可作为国内初中和高中生学习英语的辅导材料。建议学生以熟悉英语词汇为主，知识为辅。
希望本文能为英语爱好者和希望了解国外教育的同学和家长提供少许帮助。
本系列从第二篇到第四篇，主要包含文字表述部分知识。
本文是该系列文章的第三篇，主要包含完形填空的内容。
文字填空
- In Text Completion questions, ignore the answer choices and come up with your own word for the blank(s), using the clues and transition words in the passage.
此部分问题，忽略答案备选项，先试着用自己的文字填空。注意段落中的线索和过渡词。
- To find the clue, ask these questions: “who or what is the blank describing” and “what else in the passage gives insight into that?”.
找线索时，问这些问题：空白处描述的是谁或什么？这一段，还有更深一层的意思吗？
- Transition words tell you whether the word in the blank should have the same sense as the clue or the opposite sense. Transitions are often marked by obvious words like and, but, so, however, because, despite, since, although, instead, etc.
过渡词会提示空白处是相同的意思或者是相反的意思。比如，注意以下很明显的过渡词：and, but, so, however, because, despite, since, although, instead, 之类。
- When coming up with your own word for the blank, be as literal as possible. It’s okay to use simple words, a descriptive phrase, or language recycled from the clue.
当使用自己的语言时，尽可能地文学化。实在不行，也可以用简单句、习语、或从线索中重新整理的语言。
- After coming up with your own word for the blank, use POE to eliminate words that aren’t matches for your word. Focus on the words you know. Never eliminate a word that you don’t know.
在使用自己的文字时，用排除法减少不匹配自己意思的词。重点关注自己知道的词。记住：不要剔除自己不知道的词。
- If the clue is hard to decipher, you can simplify POE by determining if the word to go in the blank should be positive or negative. Then narrow down the answer choices by eliminating those that don’t match.
如果线索很难理解，可以用排除法判断空白处的词是正向还是反向，就可以缩小选项范围。
- If the sentence has two or three blanks, do the blanks on at a time. Pick the easiest blank to start with, ask the questions, find the clue, come up with a word, and use POE. Then repeat for the remaining blacks. When done, plug in all answer choices to double-check the meaning of the passage.
对于有2~3个空白的问题，一次性做完。从最简单的开始，问问题、找线索，用一个词，然后再排除。然后重复下一个。之后，再把整段话连接起来，重新检查。
- Harder questions may have less obvious transitions or more than one transition. Look out for anything that sets up a similarity or difference between two elements of the sentence -- thing, ideas, actions, etc. pay attention to how transitions are related and the overall logic of the passage.
难问题的过渡词隐藏的很深。查找句子中任何相似或不同的部分，比如事情、想法、行为等等。注意那些相关联的过渡词和整段的逻辑。
- Use Mark and Move if you need a fresh start on a question. Answer a few other questions, and then come back to the marked question.
如果需要重新整理思路，可以先标注起来并继续往下进行。回答一些其他问题后，再回头来看这些标注过的问题。
- Keep working on vocabulary every day! Learn prefixes, suffixes, and other word roots. Learn not just the main definition of a new word but the secondary and figurative meanings.
每天都学词汇，前缀、后缀和词根。不仅仅是主要的定义，还有第二定义和寓意。
注：本文参考参考《Cracking the GRE with 4 practice Tests, 2020 Edition by The Princeton Review》。仅限于个人学习使用，请勿用于任何商业用途。所列翻译不完全匹配原文意思，仅供参考。